November 18, 2024
TENS is typically done with a TENS unit, a small battery-operated device. The device can be hooked to a belt and is connected to two electrodes. The electrodes carry an electric current from the TENS machine to the skin.
There is little research to support how — or even if — TENS really works. Its use dates back to the 1960s with the introduction of the gate control theory of pain. According to the theory, stimulating nerves closes a “gate” mechanism in the spinal cord, and that can help eliminate the sensation of pain. During a TENS treatment for back pain, electrodes are placed on the skin over an area of pain in the back. This creates electrical impulses that travel along nerve fibers and create a tingling sensation. The pain relief usually starts immediately and stops shortly after treatment.
Another theory is that stimulating the nerves may help the body produce natural painkillers called endorphins.
Before starting TENS, have your doctor or physical therapist show you how to use the TENS machine. Be sure to follow directions carefully and take these precautions:
